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Studied at the RSA Life School and initially painted genre scenes. Best known for his romantic history paintings and his military paintings from 1878 onwards particularly of scenes from the Crimea. He was Keeper of the NGS from 1895-1907 and was responsible for the 1901 illustrated catalogue. He was also Limner to His Majesty for Scotland from 1908 until his death in 1932. In recognition of his fame as a painter of battle pieces, the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders provided a lone piper and a bearer party comprising one Colour-Sergeant and four sergeants for Gibb's funeral to Warriston Cemetery, Edinburgh. The Regiment was previously known as the 93rd Regiment of Foot and was depicted thus in Gibb's celebrated oil 'The Thin Red Line.'He exhibited prolifically at the RSA Annual Exhibitions from 1867 until 1931.He became an Associate Member of the RSA in 1878 and an Academician in 1882.